Objectives
The primary objectives of the fieldwork were to identify potentially hazardous areas, measure sediment layers, and demonstrate the technological capabilities of drone solutions. Specifically, the use of drone-based Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) was aimed at detecting "coal pockets" or subsidence zones beneath areas where heavy machinery operates. Additionally, the fieldwork involved employing an Echo Sounder mounted on a drone to measure the depth and thickness of sediment layers in a mine water reservoir. Lastly, the team aimed to showcase the benefits of UgCS for drone mapping and surveys, as well as the added value that DroneGIS offers for data sharing, visualization, and potential AI integration.
Methodology
Geophysical Surveys with drone-based GPR
The equipment used for the survey was the Radar Systems, Inc. Zond Aero LF GPR with a 100 MHz antenna mounted on a drone. The objective was to identify subsurface burning coal bags in areas where heavy equipment operates. The procedure involved conducting drone surveys over two different fields within the mine to detect and map out potential hazardous zones.
Zond Aero LF was the best option among other GPRs for achieving the above-mentioned goal. It is capable of reaching the geological depths specified by the customer, making it suitable for safely identifying underground cavities.
Bathymetric Surveys with drone-based Echo Sounder
The equipment utilized was a drone-carried ECT D052S dual-frequency echo sounder. The objective was to survey the mine's water reservoir, measuring its depth and the thickness of sediment layers. Dual-frequency sonar proved to be the optimal solution for sediment measurement. The procedure involved conducting a comprehensive survey of the reservoir and collecting essential data to inform maintenance and safety protocols, which are particularly important following heavy rainfall.
Outcome
The GPR surveys were successful in identifying potential burning coal bags, which allowed El Cerrejón to address hazards before excavation began. This proactive approach significantly enhanced the safety of the mine's operations.
The echo sounder surveys provided accurate measurements of the water reservoir's depth and sediment thickness. This data is essential for ongoing water management, especially when preparing for and responding to heavy rains.
The demonstrations of UgCS and DroneGIS showcased the advantages of advanced mapping, data sharing, and automation in mining operations. The potential for AI solutions was particularly noted for future use in various challenging processes.
The field trip to El Cerrejón with DATUM Ingeniería SAS demonstrated the critical role of advanced geophysical and bathymetric survey technologies in enhancing mine safety and operational efficiency.
